Imanza mpuzamahanga z’abakekwaho jenoside ni « imanza-shuri »

Imanza mpuzamahanga zibera hanze y’u Rwanda ni imanza shuri kuri benshi mubazikurikirana. Uretse kuba baba batarigeze baba mu gihugu icyaha cyabereyemo, ariko kandi ni n’umwanya ku banyeshuri abashakashatsi kuza kugira amakuru bigira mu rubanza.

Imanza mpuzamahanga ziburanisha abakoze jenoside ndetse n’izindi manza mpuzamahanga muri rusange si imanza nk’izindi cyane ko ibyaha ziba ziburanisha ari ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, buri muntu aho ari ku isi akaba aba agagaragara nkuwagizweho ingaruka nibyo byaha. Niyo mpamvu bene izi manza zidahuruza gusa abazifitemo inyungu nk’abashinja cyangwa abashinjura, ahubwo zinahuruza n’abandi bose bafite aho bahurira nazo kubwinyungu z’akazi kabo. Muri abo harimo abashakashatsi, abanyeshuri n’abarimu ba za kaminuza ndetse n’abandi baba bafite amatsiko yo kumenya ukuri ku byabaye rimwe na rimwe baba batazi.

Abanyeshuri n’abashakashatsi

Abanyeshuri n’abashakashatsi bari mubitabira cyane bene izi manza. Abo banyeshuri baba akenshi biga amasomo ajyanye n’amategeko. Kuri bo iyo bigeze nko ku butabera n’imanza mpuzamahanga aba ari umwanya mwiza wo kumenya ibyaha mpuzamahanga ndetse nuko biburanishwa. Kumenya uko abacamanza, inyangamugayo bifata imbere y’abatagabuhamya batandukanye ndetse n’uruhare rw’ibimenyetso, ukwivuguruza, amakuru mashya mu kugena uko urubanza ruzarangira. Niyompamvu izi manza ziba ari imanza-shuri.

Gusa si imanza-shuri gusa kuri abo baba bafite aho bahuriye nazo kubw’amasomo, ariko ni n’imanza ntangamakuru. Urugero abakiri bato baba abavuka mu gihugu ukekwaho icyaha yagikoreyemo, abatahavuka babona umwanya wo gukurikira no kugira amakuru yimbitse ku byabaye.

Urugero ku manza zagiye zibera i Paris, Stockolm ndetse no mu Bubiligi wari umwanya ku benegihugu n’abatari bo kumeya amakuru. Cyane ariko bikaba kumenya amakuru nyayo cyane ko abahaba baba bahura n’andi makuru nkayabahakana jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, avuga ko habaye jenoside ebyiri n’ibindi.
Uyu rero aba ari umwanya wo kwibonera abavuga ibyo bazi. Bakurikira banashungura. Ni umwanya rero benshi baboneraho gushungura ibyo bumva cyane kuri iki gihe cy’imbuga nkoranyambaga aho amakuru atandukanye anyura kuri internet.

Gusa ariko bene izi manza ntiziba imanza-shuri kubera ayo makuru twakwita aya nyayo, kubera ababibayemo babivuga, ahubwo zinaba shuri kuko babasha kuganira n’abatangabuhamya b’amateka mu ndorerwamo y’ibyabaye (temoins de contexte).

Uruhare rwaba batangabuhamya ni ugutanga amakuru bigendeye kuko igihugu icyaha cyabereyemo kimeze, amateka yacyo, imibereho yabagituye buri wese akaza uri umutangabuhamya akurikije ingeri yumva yatangamo amakuru agafasha urukiko. Gusa ibyo abo batangabuhamya bavuga si ko byose aba ari ukuri gushingirwaho n’urukiko. Gusa amakuru batanga aba ashobora gufasha mu migendekere y’urubanza.

Uwo rero ntaza ari ubonetse wese ahubwo aba afite uko kwizerwa niryo zina rituma agirirwa icyizere cyibyo agiye kuvuga. Gusa na none témoins experts muri bwa bunararibonye bwe no gufasha urukiko, ashobora gutanga amakuru afasha ubushinjacyaha cyangwa se afasha uruhande rwuregwa bitewe n’ubwoko bwayo makuru aje gutanga nyine. Ariko ayo makuru ayatanga nkuyatanga ntayatanga nkushinja cyangwa ushinjura.

Ikindi kandi, aba batangabuhamya baba baturuka mu ngeri zitandukanye. Ashobora kuba ari umunyamategeko, umunyamateka, umuganga, umusirikari, ushinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu.