Ubuhinzi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya GMO mu guhangana n’indwara z’ibihingwa

Bamwe mu bahanga mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya GMO ari ryo ikoranabuhanga ryifashishwa mu buhinzi hakorwa ibihingwa byahinduriwe  uturemangingo (Genetically Modified Organisms) byihanganira imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’ indwara baravuga ko iri koranabuhanga ryitezweho gukemura ibibazo by’indwara zifata ibihingwa.

Hashize igihe kitari gito abahinzi binubira indwara zitandukanye zikunze gufata ibihingwa birimo ibigori, ibishyimbo, urutoki n’imyumbati nka bimwe mu biribwa abantu benshi bifashisha ku ifunguro ryabo rya buri munsi.

Bamwe mu bakora ubuhinzi hirya no hino mu gihugu barimo abakora ifumbire ifumbizwa ibihingwa bitandukanye, basaba Leta kubagezaho ibihingwa n’imbuto byahinduriwe uturemangingo mu rwego rwo guhangana n’indwara zifata ibihingwa.

Umwe mu babyeyi baganiriye na The Bridge Magazine (www.thebridge.rw), Mukamana Vestine (Amazina yahinduwe) uhinga ibishyimbo asobanura indwara zitandukanye zifata ibishyimbo asaba Leta kubafasha kubona imbuto z’ibihingwa byahinduriwe uturemangingo zitezweho mu gukemuro icyo kibazo.

Yagize ati “Icyifuzo dufite ni uko ubuyobozi bwacu bwadufasha kubona imbuto za GMO zahinduriwe uturemangingo kugirango natwe tubashe kubona umusaruro uhagije. Kuko tuzitezeho gukemura ibibazo by ‘indwara zo kubora kw’imizi y’ibishyimbo, guturagurika kw’amababi y’ibishyimbo, amababi yihina n’ imirongo y’umweru iza ku gishyimbo.

Umwe mu batangije kampani yitwa Feed Plant ikora ifumbire y’imborera y’amazi, Mukarugwiro Speciose avuga ko ikoranabuhanga rya GMO ryitezweho kurwanya indwara no kongera umusaruro.

Yagize ati “Izo mbuto zahinduriwe uturemangingo binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya GMO zihangana n’indwara zifata ibihingwa niziza zongerewemo ibituma igihingwa kidafatwa n’indwara, natwe tugatanga ifumbire irimo ibyo igihingwa gikeneye bizatuma umuturage yeza umusaruro uhagije, asagurire n’amasoko.”

Mukarugwiro akomeza asaba Leta kwigisha abahinzi ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya GMO no gushyiraho igiciro kizorohera abaturage mu gihe imbuto zahinduriwe uturemangingo zizaba ziboneka ku isoko.

Yagize ati “Leta ikintu nayisaba ni ugushaka uburyo bwiza bwo kwigisha abahinzi ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’imbuto zihinduriwe uturemangingo zihanganira indwara z’ibiribwa nka kabore yatumazeho imyumbati kandi izo mbuto nizitangira gukoreshwa zizajye ziboneka ku kigero kifuzwa kandi ku giciro gito.”

Umuyobozi ukuriye ishami ry’ubushakashatsi ku bihingwa by’ibinyabijumba n’ibinyamizi akaba n’umuhuzabikorwa w’umushinga OFAB Rwanda, Dr. Athanase Nduwumuremyi avuga ko harimo gukorwa igeragezwa ku myumbati yihanganira indwara ya kabore ku gihingwa cy’imyumbati mu gihe kiri imbere hakazakorwa ubushakashatsi no ku bindi bihingwa abanyarwanda barya.

Yagize ati “Mu Rwanda twaratangiye kuko uyu munsi dufite igerageza ku myumbati yihanganira indwara ya Kabore iterwa na virusi. Nta muti uretse gushaka imbuto yihangana. Mu gihe kiri imbere turateganya gutangira gukora ubushakashatsi ku mbuto z’ibirayi bidaterwa imiti myinshi yangiza ibidukikije zirwanya n’indwara y’imvura. Ibigori bidakenera guterwa imiti irwanya nkongwa, insina n’ibindi bihingwa abanyarwanda barya bizakorwaho. Kubera ko tumaze kubona imbuto zitanga icyizere, turifuza gusaba ko baduha uburenganzira bwo kuzigerageza mu mirima y’abahinzi.”

Muri Gashyantare 2024 mu igazeti ya Leta y’u Rwanda hasohotse itegeko rigenga ubusugire bw’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima (Biosafety Law) rikaba rigena uko ibihingwa bihinduriwe uturemangingo bizajya bikorwa.

Umuyobozi w’ Umuryango ukora kandi ukamamaza ikoreshwa rya siyansi na tekinoloji mu gukemura ibibazo biri mu buhinzi, mu buzima n’ibidukikije (Alliance for Science Rwanda), Nshimiyimana Pacifique asobanura uko igihingwa gihindurirwa uturemangingo.

Yagize ati “gihingwa gihinduriwe uturemangingo GMO (Genetically Modified Organism), ubushakashatsi bukorwa ku rugero rutoya rurimo amakuru yose ku kinyabuzima. Usanga icyahinduwe ari ukuzamura ubwirinzi, kwihanganira kubaho gifite intungabihingwa nkeya. Igihinduka ni gito cyane ndetse n’ikigera ku isoko nta kintu kinini kiba cyahinduwe uretse ubwo buziranenge baba bakurikije.”

Mu 2017 Ubuhinzi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya GMO bwarwanyije indwara z’ibihingwa by’ibigori, ipamba, soya n’ibigori mu bihugu bya Afurika nka Sudani na Afurika y’epfo.

Kuri ubu ibindi bihugu bitandukanye birimo gukora igerageza mu mirima y’abahinzi. Ibyo bihugu ni Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Swaziland, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana na Burkina Faso. Muri Uganda, barimo gukora igerageza ku bijumba aho byongererwa ubudahangarwa bufasha ibijumba guhangana n’indwara yitwa “potato late blight disease”. Harakorwa kandi igeragezwa ku bitoki byihanganira uburwayi buterwa n’udukoko.

Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa (FAO) rivuga ko buri mwaka habaho igihombo kiri hagati ya 20% na 40% by’umusaruro kubera ibyonnyi.

Buri mwaka, indwara z’ibihingwa zitwara ubukungu bw’isi hafi miliyari 220 z’amadorali naho udukoko twibasira ibihingwa tugatwara hafi miliyari 70 z’amadolari y’Amerika.

NYIRANGARUYE Clementine