Intebe ya Mutagatifu Petero (Cathedra Petri): Abakaridinali batanu barahabwa amahirwe yo gutorwamo uzayicaraho

Nyuma y’uko Papa Fransisko wari Umushumba wa Kiliziya Gatolika ku isi atabarutse kuri uyu wa 21 mata 2025, ibinyamakuru bikomeye ku isi nka Reuters, The Guardian, na La Croix byatangaje ko hari abakaridinali batanu bahabwa amahirwe yo kuba bashobora gutorwamo uwamusimbura ku ntebe ya Petero izwi nka Cathedra Petri, bitewe n’ubunararibonye bafite.

Abo barimo Karidinali Matteo Zuppi wo mu Butaliyani. Nk’umuyobozi w’Inama y’Abepiskopi mu Butaliyani, Karidinali Matteo azwiho gushyigikira amahoro n’ubwiyunge. Yagize uruhare mu mishyikirano y’amahoro muri Ukraine, kandi afatwa nk’umwe mu nshuti za hafi za Papa Fransisko, ashyigikira ivugurura n’ubufatanye muri Kiliziya. Hari na Karidinali Luis Antonio Tagle wo muri Filipine, wigeze kuba Perezida w’Inama y’Abepisikopi muri Aziya. Afatwa nk’umwe mu bakandida bafite amahirwe menshi yo gusimbura Papa Fransisko kubera ko ashyigikiye ivugurura n’ubwiyunge muri Kiliziya, kandi akaba afite ubunararibonye mu ivugabutumwa n’imibanire mpuzamahanga.

Karidinali Pietro Parolin (Umutaliyani) na we ari mu bahabwa amahirwe. Uyu wabaye Umunyamabanga wa Leta ya Vatikani kuva mu 2013, afite ubunararibonye mu bya dipolomasi n’ubuyobozi bwa Kiliziya. Afatwa nk’umukandida ushobora guhuza impande zitandukanye muri Kiliziya kubera imyemerere ye y’ubwumvikane.

Abandi bahabwa amahirwe barimo Karidinali Pierbattista Pizzaballa na we w’Umutaliyani.Nk’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Kiliziya Gatolika i Yeruzalemu, afite uburambe mu miyoborere y’ahantu hakomeye mu myemerere. Azwiho ubushishozi n’ubushobozi bwo guhuza abantu mu bihe by’amage, by’umwihariko mu gihe cy’intambara ya Gaza. Undi ni Karidinali Peter Turkson (Ghana).Afatwa nk’umwe mu bakandida bakomeye baturuka muri Afurika. Yagize uruhare rukomeye mu bikorwa by’ubutabera n’iterambere rirambye, ndetse azwiho gushyigikira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ubwiyunge bw’amadini. Kuba ari umwirabura kandi akomoka muri Afurika byatuma Kiliziya rigira isura nshya y’ubwuzuzanye n’ubumwe.

Ubusanzwe, Kiliziya Gatolika igira uburyo bwihariye kandi bugengwa n’amategeko bukoreshwa mu gutora umusimbura wa Papa. Ibi bigengwa n’itegeko ‘Universi Dominici Gregis ‘ryashyizweho na Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II mu 1996, risobanura neza uko Inama y’Abakaridinali igomba kwitwara. Mu gihe cy’inama idasanzwe y’abakaridinali itora Papa (Conclave), abakaridinali bose batarengeje imyaka 80 bahamagarwa i Vatikani. Muri conclave ya 2025, abakaridinali 137 bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora. Aba bakaridinali baturuka mu bihugu 71, bakaba baturuka ku migabane yose y’isi, harimo Afurika, Aziya, Uburayi, Amerika y’Amajyaruguru, Amerika y’Epfo, na Oseyaniya.

Amatora abera mu nyubako ya Sistine Chapel izwiho kuba irimo igisenge cy’ubugeni bwa Michel Ange. Batora inshuro ebyiri ku munsi mu ibanga rikomeye. Muri icyo gihe nta mukozi wa Vatikani uba wemerewe kwinjira cyangwa kuvugana n’abo mu nama kugeza irangiye. Iyo ntawabonye amajwi angana nibura na 2/3, impapuro z’amatora ziratwikwa bigatera umwotsi w’umukara. Iyo habonetse uwegukanye ayo majwi, hatwikwa impapuro zitanga umwotsi w’umweru bikaba ikimenyetso cy’uko Papa mushya yabonetse.

Igihe cya ‘Sede Vacante’

Nk’uko amategeko ya Kiliziya abiteganya, urupfu rwa Papa rutangiza igihe cyihariye cyitwa ‘Sede Vacante’, bishatse kuvuga ko Intebe ya Petero iba idafite uyicayeho. Muri iki gihe, ibikorwa byose bikomeye bya Vatikani birahagarara, ibyoroshye bigakorwa mu buryo bw’agateganyo kugeza hatowe umusimbura.

Ubwo urupfu rwa Papa Fransisko rwatangazwaga na Vatikani, Cardinal Kevin Joseph Farrell, wigeze kuba Umuyobozi w’Inteko Nkuru ya Kiliziya ishinzwe abalayiki,umuryango n’ubuzima, yahise yinjira mu nshingano za ‘Camerlengo’, umwanya ukomeye ushinzwe kwita ku mihango yose yo gutegura amatora y’umusimbura, gucunga umutungo wa Vatikani, no gutegura gahunda y’ishyingurwa rya Papa.

Mu mwaka wa 2013, ubwo Papa Benedigito XVI yeguraga ku nshingano, ibintu byari bibaye ubwa mbere mu myaka irenga 600 yari ishize, abakaridinali bagiye mu nama ya Conclave yatoye Jorge Mario Bergoglio, agatorwa ku nshuro ya 5, ku itora rya gatatu ry’uwo munsi.

Yahisemo izina rya “Fransisko” mu guha icyubahiro Mutagatifu Fransisko wa Asizi, umupadiri wamenyekanye mu mateka yo korohera abakene no gukunda ibyaremwe. Papa Fransisko yahise amenyekana nka“Papa w’abakene”, ndetse yamenyekanye cyane mu ngendo zidakunze gukorwa na ba Papa, harimo gusura inkambi z’impunzi mu Bugereki no muri Santarafurika.

Papa Fransisko yavukiye i Buenos Aires muri Argentine ku itariki ya 17 ukuboza 1936. Yabaye umupadiri mu 1969, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi mu buzima bwo kwiyegurira Imana mu muryango w’Abayezuwiti. Yagize amateka yihariye muri Amerika y’Epfo, aho yazamuwe mu ntera kugeza agizwe Arikiyeskopi wa Buenos Aires mu 1992, Karidinali mu 2001 mbere y’uko atorerwa kuba Papa ku wa 13 Werurwe 2013, asimbuye Papa Benedigito XVI wari umaze kwegura.

Yabaye Papa wa mbere ukomoka ku mugabane wa Amerika y’Epfo, ndetse n’umuyezuwiti wa mbere wicaye ku ntebe ya Mutagatifu Petero. Ubuyobozi bwe bwaranzwe no kwegereza Kiliziya rubanda, guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, kurwanya ruswa mu nzego z’iyobokamana, ndetse n’ijwi rikomeye mu kurengera ibidukikije, nk’uko yabigaragaje mu rwandiko rwe rw’amateka yise “Laudato Si” rwatangajwe muri 2015 amaze imyaka ibiri gusa yicaye kuri Cathedra Petri.

Ukurikije ibihe Kiliziya irimo, uzatorwa gusimbura Papa Fransisko ashobora guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye, birimo kunoza imiyoborere y’imbere muri Kiliziya, gukomeza guhangana n’ibibazo by’ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina, guhuza ibitekerezo bitandukanye by’abakirisitu ku isi, ndetse no guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere n’iterabwoba n’intambara bikomeje guhungabanya isi.

UWAMARIYA Mariette