Ubuhinzi: Urwego rw’ubukungu rutahagaritswe na COVID-19 rukwiye kongererwamo ishoramari

Kuva Covid-19 yagera mu Rwanda, umurimo w’ubuhinzi uri mu mirimo mike yasigaye yemerewe gukora, haba ubuhinzi ubwabwo ndetse no gucuruza ibibukomokaho. Ibi nibyo bitera abasesenguzi gushimangira ko Leta ikwishye gushyira ingufu muri uru rwego hagamijwe kugira ubuhinzi buhamye bukurura n’abakiri bato.

«Byabaga bitangaje kubona umupolisi yahagaritse amamodoka y’abakire, amamoto atwara abagenzi, akemerera kugenda abafite uruhushya abatarufite bagasubizwayo. Nyamara umuhinzi, umugabo n’umugore bigiriye mu isambu yabo bagatambuka nta nkomyi».  Aya magambo asa n’atebya ya Mvunabandi Isidore w’i Rulindo asobanuye byinshi mu gihe cya Covid 19 abaturage bose bari mu rugo bicaye, badasohoka.

«Bari kurya iki se? Ufunze ubuhinzi n’ubucuruzi bw’ibibuvamo waba ufunze igifu cy’abantu. Waba ubishe. Nta yandi mahitamo igihugu cyari gifite». Nguko uko mugenzi wa Isidore amusubiza mu kiganiro gikomeza kinaganisha ko ingufu zijya mu buhinzi zakongerwa kuko byagaragaye ko ari inkingi ya mwamba y’ubuzima bw’igihugu.

Ubuhinzi nzahurabukungu

Mu kwezi kwa Nzeri 2020, Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) yatangaje ko ubuhinzi n’ubworozi byari mu byitezweho kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kuzahura ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwazahajwe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19. Ni muri urwo rwego MINAGRI yasabye abahinzi n’aborozi gukomeza n’ukwezi kwa Nzeri 2020 imirimo y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi hubahirizwa ingamba zo kwirinda Covid-19.

Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi kandi yasabaga abahinzi guhinga ubuso bwose, ntihagire ubutaka busigara budahinze haba mu bishanga, mu nkuka zabyo, imusozi no mu mibande. Mu itangazo yanyujije kuri Twitter, MINAGRI yasabaga abahinzi kongera ubuso buhingwa mu buryo buhujwe “Land use consolidation”, buhingwaho ibihingwa byatoranyijwe bihakwiriye, kandi bakagendera ku bujyanama butangwa n’inzego z’ubuhinzi zibegereye.

Abahinzi basabwagwa kandi kurwanya isuri hatunganywa imirwanyasuri, gutera ubwatsi ku miringoti kandi hakanasiburwa imigende y’amazi mu bishanga. Bibutswa kandi gutegura imirima hakiri kare, no kwitegura kuzatera imbuto nziza z’indobanure ku gihe, hakurikijwe uko imvura y’umuhindo izaboneka.

Uko imibare y’abahinzi ihagaze mu gihugu

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare “NISR” igaragaza ko abanyarwanda barenga 80.2% baba mu ngo zikora ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. Byumvikane ko kwita kuri uru rwego ari ukwita ku nkuta zikomeye zubatse igihugu.

Ubwo yagezaga ku Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda uko urwego rw’inganda rwifashe mu mwaka wa 2020, by’umwihariko ku bijyanye n’ingaruka za Covid 19, Minisitiri w’intebe w’u Rwanda Dr Ngirente Edouard yavuze ko iterambere ry’inganda ryagiye rigira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere izindi nzego z’ubukungu nk’ubuhinzi na serivisi. Urugero: ni ukuba inganda zigira uruhare mu kubonera isoko umusaruro uvuye mu buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse no kuwongerera agaciro (Agro-processing).

Uko ishoramari rya leta mu buhinzi ryari rihagaze mu myaka inyuranye

Igitabo cyanditswe na “Institute of Policy Analysis and Research (IPAR)” kivuga ku ishoramari rya Leta mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu Rwanda kigaragaza ingano y’amafranga Leta yashyize mu buhinzi mu myaka itandukanye.

Ingengo y’imari u Rwanda rushyira mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi yagiye yiyongera umwaka ku wundi uretse mu gihe cya COVID-19 aho iyo ngengo y’imari yagabanutse bitewe n’ingaruka za COVID-19 ku bukungu bw’igihugu.

Ubusesenguzi bwa IPAR bugaragaza ko amafaranga yashyizwe mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi ari hagati ya 9% na 10% y’ingengo y’imari yose ya Leta muri iriya myaka.

Ingengo y’imari 2021/2022 yamurikiwe Inteko Ishinga Amategeko Umutwe w’Abadepite na Sena hagaragaramo iyagenewe urwego rw’ubuhinzi yiyongereye ikagera kuri 10% by’ingengo y’imari yose.

Ubuhinzi ni urwego rw’ingenzi ariko rukeneye kwitabwaho

Ushinzwe igenamigambi muri Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, Dr Semwaga Octave mu kiganiro yagiranye n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Itangazamakuru “RBA”, yatangaje ko kuba urwego rw’ubuhinzi rudahungabana biterwa na gahunda ya Leta yagennye ko ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bikomeza gukora hirindwa Covid19. Hejuru y’ibyo ariko habayeho no kubushyigikira.

Yagize ati “Urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bikozwe neza rutuma ibindi bice by’ubuzima nabyo bizamuka, urugero nko gutwara abantu n’ibintu, ubucuruzi, ikoranabuhanga, n’ibindi”.

Yakomeje atangaza ko ubuhinzi atari ubw’amaramuko gusa, ahubwo bugomba gukorwa bwinjiza amafaranga, bukozwe kinyamwuga kugira ngo bwinjirize ababukora.

Musonera Abdou ushinzwe isesengura ry’isoko ry’umurimo muri RDB, yatangaje ko ubuhinzi bugomba gushyirwamo imbaraga kuko no mu gihe cya guma mu rugo abantu barakomeje kurya.

Ati “Bari kurya gute se batejeje ibyo bahinze? Bari kuzarya gute se ubutaha batahinze”?

Niyodushima Dieudonné umuhinzi uhinga imboga kinyamwuga, yagize ati “Kuba abahinzi barakomeje gukora abandi bari muri guma mu rugo, byagombye gutanga ikindi cyerekezo mu buhinzi hagashyirwa imbaraga, ahakiri intege nke”.

Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’iyi shusho 59% by’inganda zibarurwa mu gihugu zitunganya umusaruro ukomoka k’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (Agro-processing).

Twabibutsa ko u Rwanda ari kimwe mu bihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Maputo ku bijyanye n’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’umutekano w’ibiribwa muri Afurika, aya masezerano avuga ko ibihugu bigize uyu mugabane bizajya bishyira mu buhinzi n’ibice by’icyaro amafaranga angana na 10% by’ingengo y’imari yabyo.