Nyabihu: Igwingira mu bana ryagabanutseho 14 % ariko urugendo ruracyari rurerure

Imibare y’Ubushakashatsi ku Mibereho n’Ubuzima by’Abaturage mu Rwanda (RDHS-7) bwo mu 2025 igaragaza ko igipimo cy’igwingira mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu mu Karere ka Nyabihu cyavuye kuri 46.7% mu mwaka wa 2019/2020 kigera kuri 32.68% mu 2025. Ryagabanutseho 14.02 % mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu.

Nubwo iri gabanuka rigaragaza intambwe imaze guterwa mu guhangana n’igwingira, imibare iracyerekana ko hafi umwana umwe muri batatu bari munsi y’imyaka itanu muri aka karere agwingiye. Ibi bigaragaza ko hakiri byinshi byo gukora kugira ngo abana bose babone imirire iboneye ibafasha gukura neza.

Amarerero y’abana, ubukangurambaga bugamije kwigisha ababyeyi gutegura indyo yuzuye no gushishikariza abagabo kugira uruhare mu kwita ku mirire y’abana, kugira isuku ni zimwe mu ngamba zikoreshejwe mu Karere ka Nyabihu mu guhangana n’iki kibazo.

Umubyeyi Yvette, w’imyaka 35 utuye mu Murenge wa Jenda, afite abana batandatu. Avuga ko irerero riri hafi y’aho atuye ryagize uruhare mu kunoza imirire y’abana, cyane cyane ku babyeyi bajyaga gushaka imibereho hakurya y’umupaka.

Asobanura ko mbere hari ababyeyi bajyaga gushaka imibereho muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, abana bagasigara batabona uko bitabwaho uko bikwiye. Gushyiraho amarerero ngo byafashije guhindura iyo mibereho.

Ati: “Mbere wasangaga abana bagira imirire mibi kubera ko tutabitagaho uko bikwiye, tukajya mu mirimo yacu muri Congo. Irerero ryaradufashije kuko ryatumye abana babona amafunguro ahagije. Nanjye umwana wanjye namujyanagayo, nkajya mu mirimo yanjye ntuje kandi nizeye ko ari buhabwe ifunguro ririmo intungamubiri.”

Yvette asaba ababyeyi kugira uruhare mu gutegura amafunguro arimo intungamubiri no kwita ku isuku y’abana.

Amarerero n’uruhare rw’ababyeyi mu kugabanya igwingira

David Mugiraneza, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akarere ka Nyabihu, avuga ko bishimira intambwe imaze guterwa mu kugabanya igwingira, aho igipimo cyaryo cyagabanutseho amanota 14.02 %, babifashijwemo n’amarerero n’izindi gahunda za Leta. Icyakora, avuga ko hakiri urugendo kugira ngo iki kibazo kiranduke burundu.

Asobanura ko akarere gakomeje gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda za Leta zigamije guteza imbere imikurire myiza y’abana, guhera igihe umubyeyi amenye ko atwite. Muri izo ngamba harimo gushishikariza abagore batwite kwipimisha kwa muganga hakiri kare, kwita ku mirire yabo no kwirinda imyitwarire ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umwana.

Yongeraho ko amarerero yashyizweho mu midugudu afasha ababyeyi, cyane cyane abagore bakora imirimo ibatwara umwanya, kubona aho basiga abana babo mu gihe bagiye gushaka imibereho.

Ati: “Amarerero igihugu cyacu cyashyizeho mu midugudu ni ingenzi. Buri kagari kaba karimo amarerero afasha ababyeyi bakora imirimo itandukanye kubona aho basiga abana, bakabona umwanya wo gukora bizeye ko abana barimo kwitabwaho kandi bahabwa amafunguro.”

Mugiraneza avuga ko ubuyobozi bw’akarere bufatanyije n’abafatanyabikorwa bafite intego yo gukomeza kugabanya igwingira mu bana, binyuze mu kwigisha ababyeyi gutegura indyo yuzuye no kubahiriza isuku mu gihe cyo gutegura amafunguro.

Ati: “Ni ngombwa gushishikariza ababyeyi kwita ku bana no kubategurira indyo yuzuye, ariko ntitwasiga isuku. iyo uteguye ibiryo bidafite isuku ukabiha umwana, bishobora kumutera indwara zirimo inzoka zo mu nda, zikabangamira imikurire ye.”

Uruhare rw’umuryango mu kurwanya igwingira

Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Nyabihu bugaragaza ko imirire mibi idaterwa gusa no kubura ibiribwa, kuko hari n’ibindi bibazo byo mu miryango bishobora kubangamira kwita ku bana.

Mugiraneza avuga ko amakimbirane mu miryango n’ikoreshwa ry’inzoga zitujuje ubuziranenge biri mu bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho y’abana, cyane cyane iyo amafaranga yagombaga gukoreshwa mu kubitaho akoreshwa mu bindi bikorwa.

Ati: “Hari ikibazo cy’amakimbirane mu miryango. Ikindi n’inzoga zitujuje ubuziranenge. Usanga abaturage bamwe amafaranga yabo bayamarira mu nzoga, bagasinda, hakavuka amakimbirane mu miryango. Ibyo bigira ingaruka ku mibereho y’abana, harimo no kugwingira.”

Avuga ko guhangana n’ibi bibazo n’imibanire myiza mu miryango biri mu ngamba akarere gashyize imbere mu rugamba rwo kugabanya igwingira.

Ku ruhande rw’abaturage, Iradukunda Ernest, utuye mu Murenge wa Jenda, avuga ko abagabo na bo bakwiye kugira uruhare mu gufata ibyemezo bijyanye n’imirire y’abana, aho kubiharira abagore gusa.

Asobanura ko abashakanye bakwiye kujya inama ku mafunguro abana bazajya bahabwa, bakareba uko bahuza ibiribwa bitandukanye hashingiwe ku bushobozi bw’umuryango.

Ati: “Umugabo agomba kumvikana n’uwo bashakanye, bakajya inama ku mafunguro bazajya baha abana. Niba ku munsi umwe bariye ibinyampeke n’ibinyamafufu, ku wundi munsi ntihaburemo imboga n’imbuto. Ibyo bigomba kugendera ku bushobozi bw’umuryango, ariko bakihatira guha abana amafunguro ahagije kandi arimo intungamubiri.”

Iradukunda avuga ko ubufatanye bw’ababyeyi mu kwita ku bana ari ingenzi, kuko amakimbirane yo mu rugo ashobora gutuma abana batabona ibyo bakeneye mu mikurire yabo.

Uwayisaba Diane, utuye mu Kagari ka Bukinanyana, mu Murenge wa Jenda, na we avuga ko hari igihe abana batabona indyo yuzuye atari uko imiryango ibuze ibiribwa, ahubwo biterwa n’uko hari ababyeyi batita uko bikwiye ku nshingano zo kubategurira amafunguro no kubitaho.

Ati: “Hari igihe umubyeyi ajya mu kabari kunywa inzoga, akagaruka mu rugo bwije atatekereje ku mafunguro y’abana cyangwa ku isuku yabo. Ariko ubu hari ababyeyi batangiye kurushaho kwita ku bana no kubitaho.”

Igwingira riracyari imbogamizi mu turere tumwe na tumwe tw’Iburengerazuba

Ubushakashatsi ku Mibereho n’Ubuzima by’Abaturage mu Rwanda (RDHS-7) bwo mu 2025 bugaragaza ko igwingira mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu ryagabanutse ku rwego rw’igihugu, riva kuri 33.1% mu mwaka wa 2019/2020 rigera kuri 26.75% mu 2025.

Mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba, imibare igaragaza ko igwingira ryagabanutse mu turere twinshi. Mu Karere ka Ngororero, ryavuye kuri 50.5% rigera kuri 35.81%, mu gihe mu Karere ka Nyabihu ryavuye kuri 46.7% rigera kuri 32.68%. Muri Nyamasheke na ho, ryavuye kuri 37.7% rigera kuri 29.64%.

Icyakora, mu Karere ka Karongi ho igipimo cy’igwingira cyarazamutse, kiva kuri 32.4% mu mwaka wa 2019/2020 kigera kuri 33.54% mu 2025.

Jean Bosco Ntibitura, Guverineri w’Intara y’Iburengerazuba, avuga ko gukemura ibibazo bibangamiye imibereho y’abaturage bisaba kwegera abaturage, kubatega amatwi no kubereka uruhare bafite mu gushakira ibisubizo ibibazo bibugarije, birimo n’igwingira.

Asobanura ko igwingira ritangira umwana akiri mu nda, bityo hakaba hakenewe gukurikirana ubuzima bw’umubyeyi utwite no kwigisha imiryango uburyo bwo gutegura indyo yuzuye.

Yerekana ko hari imiryango ifite ibiribwa n’amatungo ariko ntibikoreshe neza mu kunoza imirire y’abana.

Ati: “Usanga ibyo kurya bihari ariko ababyeyi batazi gutegura indyo yuzuye y’umwana. Amatungo arahari, ariko amata bakayagurisha, amagi bakayagurisha ntibagire ayo baha abana. Ni ngombwa gukurikirana umubyeyi utwite no kwigisha ababyeyi kugira ngo bahindure imyumvire. Igwingira ryose ntiriterwa n’ubukene.”

Guverineri ashimangira ko ubukangurambaga bugamije guhindura imyumvire y’ababyeyi ari ingenzi, kugira ngo ibiribwa n’umusaruro imiryango ifite bibashe kugira uruhare mu mirire myiza y’abana.

Igwingira riragabanuka, ariko umuvuduko uracyari muke

Byiringiro James, ushinzwe ubushakashatsi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), avuga ko nubwo imibare igaragaza ko igwingira rigenda rigabanuka, ngo umuvuduko rigabanukaho uracyari hasi ugereranyije n’intego igihugu cyihaye n’ingaruka rigira ku mikurire y’abana.

Ati : «  mu ntego z’Icyerekezo cy’Igihugu cy’Iterambere (NST2) ziteganyijwe kugerwaho mu 2029 harimo kugabanya igwingira rikagera kuri 15%. Ibi bisaba kongera imbaraga mu ngamba ziriho kugira ngo umuvuduko w’iri gabanuka wiyongere. »

Intambwe u Rwanda rumaze gutera mu kugabanya igwingira

Mu rwego rwo kurwanya igwingira mu bana, u Rwanda rwashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye zishyirwa mu bikorwa n’inzego z’ubuzima, ubuhinzi, ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze ndetse n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa.

Machara Faustin, ukora mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Imikurire no Kurengera Umwana (NCDA), akaba ashinzwe imirire y’umubyeyi n’umwana, avuga ko intambwe imaze guterwa yagezweho binyuze muri gahunda zitandukanye zigamije kunoza imirire y’ababyeyi n’abana.

Muri zo harimo ubukangurambaga bukorerwa mu nzego zitandukanye, kuva ku turere kugeza ku bajyanama b’ubuzima bo mu midugudu. Bugamije kwigisha ababyeyi imirire ikwiye ku mugore utwite, konsa neza umwana, gutegura indyo yuzuye, kubahiriza isuku n’isukura no kwita ku mikurire y’abana bato.

Hari kandi gahunda z’inyongeramirire zigenewe ababyeyi n’abana, zirimo guha abagore batwite inyongeramirire za IFA na MMS, guha abana bato Vitamine A n’ifu y’inyongeramirire ikungahaye ku ntungamubiri.

Muri izo gahunda harimo na Shisha Kibondo, igamije gufasha abagore batwite n’abana bari hagati y’amezi 6 na 24 bo mu miryango itishoboye.

Machara avuga ko gahunda yo kugaburira abana ku mashuri y’inshuke n’abanza na yo igira uruhare mu gufasha abana kubona nibura ifunguro rimwe ku munsi, bityo ikanaruhura ababyeyi umutwaro wo gushaka amafunguro y’abana bari ku ishuri.

Yongeraho ko gukurikirana imikurire y’abana bato binyuze mu kubapima no gusuzuma uko bakura ari ingenzi, kuko bituma abagaragaza ibimenyetso by’imirire mibi cyangwa igwingira bamenyekana hakiri kare, bagahabwa ubufasha bukwiye.

Impamvu zituma igwingira rikomeza kugaragara

Nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa, Machara agaragaza ko hakiri imbogamizi zituma igwingira rikomeza kugaragara mu miryango imwe n’imwe.

Muri zo harimo ubumenyi budahagije ku mirire n’isuku, aho bamwe mu babyeyi baba batarasobanukirwa neza akamaro k’indyo yuzuye. Isuku nke na yo ishobora gutuma abana barwara indwara nk’impiswi, zikabangamira umubiri mu kwinjiza intungamubiri zikenewe mu mikurire yabo.

Avuga kandi ko inda zitateganyijwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana, cyane cyane iyo umubyeyi atiteguye gutwita cyangwa adafite ubuzima bwiza, bikongera ibyago byo kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike.

Ikindi kibazo agarukaho ni ubumenyi buke mu gutegura amafunguro y’abana. Hari imiryango iba ifite ibiribwa ariko ikaba idafite ubumenyi buhagije ku buryo bwo kubitegura mu buryo bubungabunga intungamubiri. Hari kandi abatangiza abana amafunguro yunganira amashereka igihe kidakwiye cyangwa ntibayategure mu buryo bukwiye.

Machara agaragaza kandi ko ubushobozi buke bw’ubukungu no kutihaza mu biribwa biri mu bituma imwe mu miryango idashobora kubona amafunguro ahagije kandi atandukanye, bikagira ingaruka ku mirire y’abana.

Ingaruka z’igwingira ku mwana no ku gihugu

Machara asobanura ko igwingira ritagira ingaruka ku gihagararo cy’umwana gusa, ahubwo ko rishobora no kubangamira imikurire y’ubwonko n’ubushobozi bwo kwiga.

Umwana wagwingiye ashobora kugira ibibazo bijyanye no kwibagirwa, kwiga no gusesengura, bikamugiraho ingaruka mu myigire no ku mahirwe yo kwiteza imbere mu gihe kizaza.

Ikindi ni uko imirire mibi ishobora gutuma umubiri w’umwana ugira ubudahangarwa budahagije, bityo akibasirwa n’indwara zitandukanye.

Ku rwego rw’igihugu, avuga ko igwingira rishobora kugira ingaruka ku musaruro w’ubukungu, kuko abana b’uyu munsi ari bo bakozi b’ejo hazaza. Iyo imikurire yabo ibangamiwe, bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwabo bwo kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu.

Ese umwana wagwingiye ashobora kongera kugira imikurire isanzwe?

Ku bijyanye n’uko umwana wagwingiye ashobora kongera kugira imikurire isanzwe, Machara agaragaza ko hari amahirwe yo kubona impinduka nziza iyo ikibazo kimenyekanye hakiri kare, umwana agahabwa ubufasha bukwiye.

Mu by’ingenzi bikwiye kwitabwaho harimo guha umwana indyo yuzuye kandi itandukanye, ikungahaye ku ntungamubiri zikenewe mu mikurire ye.

By’umwihariko, ibiribwa bikomoka ku matungo nk’amata, amagi, inyama n’amafi bifite uruhare rukomeye mu gutanga intungamubiri zifasha umwana gukura neza.

Ikindi ni ukunoza isuku, kurinda abana indwara nk’impiswi no kubajyana kwa muganga igihe barwaye. Gukurikirana imikurire yabo binyuze mu bipimo no gukurikiza inama z’abaganga na byo ni ingenzi.

Ingamba zo kurandura igwingira

Machara ashimangira ko kugira ngo igwingira rirandurwe, hakenewe gukomeza ingamba zisanzweho no kuzongerera imbaraga.

Muri zo harimo gukomeza ubukangurambaga mu miryango hagamijwe guhindura imyumvire ku mirire myiza, konsa, gutegura indyo yuzuye no kugira isuku.

Ikindi ni ugushimangira gahunda z’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, cyane cyane gufasha imiryango itishoboye kubona amatungo nk’inkoko, ihene n’inka kugira ngo ibashe kubona ibikomoka ku matungo nk’amata n’amagi bifasha mu mirire y’abana.

Yongeraho ko guteza imbere isuku n’isukura, kugeza amazi meza ku baturage no kubakangurira kugira ubwiherero bwujuje ibisabwa na byo ari ingamba z’ingenzi mu kurwanya igwingira.

About Author